We met at the church 5:30 Friday morning for our trip to the Carribean coast and our visit with the indigenous group, the Cabecares. We had an orientation to different Costa Rican cultures on Wednesday and Gail Nystrom, who is the director of the Foundation that supports this group, told us some of their history and their struggles to improve their lives. When they came to her for help, they were literally starving to death on their reservation. Through her foundation, she has helped them. For example, a man would work 8 hours chopping brush each day for a farmer, who would give him a bottle of milk. The foundation bought them a cow. They have built schools and community centers. The women have been taught to use materials such as palm bark, seeds and small stones, and natural dyes to create handicrafts to sell for money to buy food. The latest achievement is the building of a bridge across the Zent River, which they must cross to get to town or to medical care. This was done with a grant from the Dutch Embassy.
To get to the reservation, we had to drive through a banana plantation, and Percy gave us a lesson on bananas! The bananas are covered with blue plastic bags as soon as the bunch is fully developed. This has several purposes: it protects the fruit from pesticides, it helps the bananas ripen a week faster, and it protects the fruit from birds that would eat it. It is blue because there is no blue food (tropical birds don’t know about blueberries). Bananas are still picked by people in Costa Rica, who cut the branch and carry it to a metal carriage system that runs through the field. The bananas slide along the bar to the road, where they are loaded onto trucks. There are about 25 people involved in the managing of a banana field. The trees have to be checked every day to see when the bunches are ready to be wrapped. Each bunch is tied with one of 8 colors of plastic tape. This is a color code that tells the pickers when it is their day to be picked. The flower is cut off and one banana left by itself at the bottom of the bunch. This is the banana that will be cut off to determine the quality when the bunch gets to the processing plant. The banana trees here are hybrids and the stalks grow fast, so that they cannot support the weight of the bunch of bananas. So the fields are laced with orange twine bracing the trees against each other to keep them from falling over.
After we passed through the banana fields, and saw the occasional cocoa tree as well, we arrived at the reservation. We were greeted by a graduate student from Dartmouth who was gathering her thesis data, and a group of Cabecar women. Cristina was the leader of the women and had organized their presentations for us. First we heard from two high school students. In March a high school was opened and the girls told us they had classes in all core subjects including English. We had brought a donation of 10 kilos of rice a little over 10 kilos of beans for the high school; since it has not been officially recognized by the Ministry of Education yet, it receives no money for lunch for the students. The second presentation was by an older woman who wanted to show us how they care for their pigs. She pulled a little chanchita out of a sack and put down a plastic bowl. She gave us pegibayes and a banana to feed it. Percy sampled the pegibayes, which were cooked and we gave all the students a taste. Percy also tasted the banana, which was a box banana. Our second presentation was by a woman who showed us how they took seeds from plants, drilled holes in them, and strung them into necklaces. We all helped punch holes in the seeds, and Stefani pushed them through the needle on the string. She had brought a branch of a plant, Lagrimas de San Pedro (tears of Saint Peter) to show us how the seeds looked growing. Finally, Cristina brought a sack of corn and we all got to help break the dried kernels off the cob into her sack. The corn was Indian corn, very colorful. Cristina told us that after it is taken off the cob, they grind it and use it to make a cooked dish or a drink. They also feed corn to their chanchas! During all presentations we asked the women to tell us how to say things in their native language, to encourage them to see the importance of maintaining this part of their culture. We then “shopped” from the different women who had crafts to sell. There were necklaces and earrings, lots of small animal figures, a hat and purses, wind chimes, and baskets. We tried to make sure we bought at least one thing from each woman; since we were a small group, they would not be selling as much. Cristina also gave several of us gifts of animals she had fashioned from the palm bark. It was incredible for me to see how much their crafts have developed since the first time I came to visit the Cabecars. Some of the animals were barely recognizable back then and the baskets were lopsided. The animals today were very clever, with whimsical details. The necklaces were some you would see in stores. The women were then served lunch (provided by our group) by Mariam, a woman who runs a pulperia built with the help of the foundation. This has helped the Cabecars by eliminating a two hour walk (after 2-3 hours just walking to this point) to get to the nearest store. While they ate, we went on a walk.
The building of the bridge eliminated the killer hike we used to take to visit the Cabecars, but we knew the students would not want to eliminate all challenge from this trip. We did an hour hike across the bridge, which was a little nerve-wracking, down a road to visit the elementary school and to see the clinic they are building. It was hot and sticky, as well as pretty muddy. Percy let the students go ahead and then threw rocks into the trees next to them to make them jump, thinking there was some animal stalking them. Although it was nothing compared to the previous hike, it did give everyone a small taste of the Cabecars’ lives, lots of walking for everything they do. Back at the meeting point, we loaded on the bus, stopped to have lunch, and drove to Limon. We drove up to the highest point in Limon where we could look out over the city and see the coast line. Limon is one of the seven provinces of Costa Rica and its capital city is Limon. The culture here is Afro Caribbean; many Jamaicans came over when the railroad was being built and settled in this area. Many of the people speak English, as well as Patois, their native language. Percy told us he loved Limon and would walk all over the city in the day, but not at night. There is a lot of drug activity here and it is very dangerous at night. We drove around the city a while and then headed out of town to Puerto Viejo and our hotel.
Our hotel is right on the beach and after checking in, Caitlyn and I walked down and played in the waves for about half an hour. We had dinner in the hotel restaurant which is a typical structure, open air with a conical shaped palm leaf roof. As I sat in the hotel restaurant, I have seen bats flying around the roof, as well as ventures across the floor by cats, toads and crabs. It is kind of like a dinner theater, with unpredictable performances.